Definition and Epidemiologie of Obesity
Définition
Obesity is a “condition characterized by an excess of body fat distributed across the board in various areas of the body fat. Definition taken from the Dictionary of Medicine Flammarion. In most cases, obesity is assessed by the weight it should be noted that there is no strict equivalence between weight and obesity because the weight involved, in addition to fat, bone, water and muscle.
Obesity is defined by a Body Mass Index (BMI). BMI is calculated by dividing the person’s weight by the square of height (kg / m2). If this index is greater than or equal to 30, the individual is considered obese. Between 25 and 30, we talk about preobesite. From 40 kg / m2, we speak
morbid obesity. This is the threshold at which we may see a morbidity secondary to different types of complications.
Epidemiologie
Obesity has become the first non-infectious disease in history. It is a real epidemic in both countries that the industrialized countries in the developing world. The World Health currently up its prevention and care as a priority in the field of nutritional pathology.
- Over 6 billion people, 3 billion are malnourished and some are becoming obese.
- 50% of Americans are overweight and 25% frankly obese.
- In some Pacific islands, obesity affects nearly two-thirds of the population.
- Europe has 30% of adults are overweight and the number of obese children has doubled in five years.
- There are 8 million in France obese, 100 000 200 000 massive obesity (BMI> 40). One third of these patients are hypertensive, diabetic and third third hyperlipidemic.
- Nationally, the prevalence of obesity has increased by about 45% between 1987 and 1996.
- A rising concern as it relates to people more and more young people.
